The correct answer is (D) Coercive measure; law or decree that penalizes for violation or failure to comply to stipulated conduct or action; something that gives force to a rule of conduct, oath, etc., or supports an action or condition. Also, confirmation or ratification of a law etc. by a supreme authority. In addition, express permission or encouragement by an authority to action.

Sanction comes from Latin sanctio, sancire (make sacred)

Examples of use:

• Heavy sanctions were imposed upon Iraq while Sadam Hussein was ruler.
• Similarly, Bosnia had also been subject to United Nations sanctions